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Handler not executing

  • Verify instruction discriminator
  • Allocate sufficient compute_units

Deserialization errors

  • Use UncheckedAccount for committed accounts in action context
  • Manually deserialize via try_deserialize on borrowed data
  • Check account discriminator matches expected type

Transaction failures

  • Ensure all action accounts are listed in ShortAccountMeta
  • Match is_writable flags to actual usage
  • Increase compute budget for all actions in the commit

Limitations & considerations

  • Handlers execute on base layer and consume base-layer fees
  • Standard Solana limits apply (compute, account locks)
  • Atomicity: any action failure reverts the commit
  • First two action accounts are injected (escrow, escrow_auth)